Triglycerides

Summary

What are triglycerides?

Triglycerides are a type of fat. They are the most common type of fat in your body. They come from foods, especially butter, oils, and other fats you eat. Triglycerides also come from extra calories. These are the calories that you eat, but your body does not need right away.
Your body changes these extra calories into triglycerides and stores them in fat cells. When your body needs energy, it releases the triglycerides. Your VLDL cholesterol particles carry the triglycerides to your tissues.

Having a high level of triglycerides can raise your risk of heart diseases, such as coronary artery disease.

What causes high triglycerides?

Factors that can raise your triglyceride level include:

• Regularly eating more calories than you burn off, especially if you eat a lot of sugar
• Being overweight or having obesity
• Cigarette smoking
• Excessive alcohol use
• Certain medicines
• Some genetic disorders
• Thyroid diseases
• Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes
• Liver or kidney diseases

How are high triglycerides diagnosed?

There is a blood test that measures your triglycerides, along with your cholesterol. Triglyceride levels are measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). The guidelines for triglyceride levels are

Category	Triglyceride Level
Normal	Less than 150mg/dL
Borderline high	150 to 199 mg/dL
High	200 to 499 mg/dL
Very high	500 mg/dL and above

Levels above 150mg/dl may raise your risk for heart disease. A triglyceride level of 150 mg/dL or higher is also a risk factor for metabolic syndrome.

What are the treatments for high triglycerides?

You may be able to lower your triglyceride levels with lifestyle changes:

• Controlling your weight
• Regular physical activity
• Not smoking
• Limiting sugar and refined foods
• Limiting alcohol
• Switching from saturated fats to healthier fats

Some people will also need to take cholesterol medicines to lower their triglycerides.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Find an Expert

• American Heart Association American Heart Association
• National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Statistics and Research

• Big, Fat World of Lipids National Institute of General Medical Sciences
• Trends in Elevated Triglyceride in Adults: United States, 2001-2012 National Center for Health Statistics

Clinical Trials

• ClinicalTrials.gov: Hypertriglyceridemia National Institutes of Health

Patient Handouts

• Familial hypertriglyceridemia Medical Encyclopedia
• Fibrates Medical Encyclopedia
• Triglyceride level Medical Encyclopedia
• VLDL test Medical Encyclopedia

Start Here

• HDL (Good), LDL (Bad) Cholesterol and Triglycerides American Heart Association
• High Blood Triglycerides National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
• Triglycerides: Why Do They Matter? Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research

Genetics

• Hepatic lipase deficiency: MedlinePlus Genetics National Library of Medicine

Related Issues

• Prevention and Treatment of High Cholesterol (Hyperlipidemia) American Heart Association

Journal Articles

• Triglycerides

Diagnosis and Tests

• Triglycerides Test National Library of Medicine