- Acute Flaccid Myelitis
- Alzheimer’s Disease
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- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Back Pain
- Brain Aneurysm
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- Blood Glucose
- Diabetes
- Diabetes and Pregnancy
- Diabetes Complications
- Diabetes in Children and Teens
- Diabetes Medicines
- Diabetes Type 1
- Diabetes Type 2
- Diabetic Diet
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- How to Prevent Diabetes
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- Breast Cancer
- Breast Diseases
- Breast Reconstruction
- Breastfeeding
- Cervical Cancer
- Cervical Cancer Screening
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- Female Infertility
- Health Problems in Pregnancy
- High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy
- HIV and Pregnancy
- Hormone Replacement Therapy
- HPV
- Hysterectomy
- Infections and Pregnancy
- Mammography
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- Menopause
- Menstruation
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- Ovarian Cancer
- Ovarian Cysts
- Ovarian Disorders
- Pelvic Floor Disorders
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
- Pelvic Pain
- Period Pain
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- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy and Drug Use
- Pregnancy and Opioids
- Premenstrual Syndrome
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- Prenatal Testing
- Primary Ovarian Insufficiency
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- Vaginal Diseases
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- Yeast Infections
- Alcohol
- Calcium
- Child Nutrition
- Cholesterol
- Cholesterol Levels: What You Need to Know
- Cholesterol Medicines
- DASH Eating Plan
- Eating Disorders
- Food Allergy
- HDL: The “Good” Cholesterol
- High Cholesterol in Children and Teens
- How to Lower Cholesterol
- How to Lower Cholesterol with Diet
- Infant and Newborn Nutrition
- LDL: The “Bad” Cholesterol
- Malabsorption Syndromes
- Nutrition for Older Adults
- Pregnancy and Nutrition
- Toddler Nutrition
- Triglycerides
- VLDL Cholesterol
- Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
- Ataxia Telangiectasia
- Brain Malformations
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- Genetic Counseling
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- Animal Bites
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
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- Asthma in Children
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- Cryptosporidiosis
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- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
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- Adhesions
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- Concussion
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- Dislocated Shoulder
- Dislocations
- Elbow Injuries and Disorders
- Eye Injuries
- Facial Injuries and Disorders
- Finger Injuries and Disorders
- Foot Injuries and Disorders
- Fractures
- Hand Injuries and Disorders
- Heel Injuries and Disorders
- Hip Injuries and Disorders
- Inhalation Injuries
- Insect Bites and Stings
- Jaw Injuries and Disorders
- Knee Injuries and Disorders
- Leg Injuries and Disorders
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- Rotator Cuff Injuries
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- Anatomy
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- Prostate Cancer
- Prostate Cancer Screening
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- Sexual Problems in Men
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- Abdominal Pain
- Bad Breath
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- Edema
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- Headache
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- Indigestion
- Itching
- Jaundice
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Pain
- Rare Diseases
- Raynaud’s Disease
- Sciatica
- Speech and Communication Disorders
- Stuttering
Drugs and Young People
Summary
What is drug use?
Drug use, or misuse, includes:
- Using illegal substances, such as
- Misusing prescription medicines, including opioids. This means taking the medicines in a different way than the health care provider prescribed. This includes
- Taking a medicine that was prescribed for someone else
- Taking a larger dose than you are supposed to
- Using the medicine in a different way than you are supposed to. For example, instead of swallowing your tablets, you might crush and then snort or inject them.
- Using the medicine for another purpose, such as getting high
- Misusing over-the-counter medicines, including using them for another purpose and using them in a different way than you are supposed to.
Why are drugs especially dangerous for young people?
Young people’s brains are growing and developing until they are their mid-20’s. This is especially true of the prefrontal cortex, which is used to make decisions. Taking drugs when young can interfere with developmental processes occurring in the brain. It can also affect their decision-making. They may be more likely to do risky things, such as unsafe sex and dangerous driving.
The earlier young people start using drugs, the greater their chances of continuing to use them and become addicted later in life.Taking drugs when you are young can contribute to the development of adult health problems, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and sleep disorders.
Which drugs most commonly used by young people?
The drugs that are most commonly used by young people are alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana. Recently, more young people have started vaping tobacco and marijuana. There is still a lot we don’t know about the dangers of vaping. Some people have unexpectedly gotten very ill or have even died after vaping. Because of this, young people should stay away from vaping.
Why do young people take drugs?
There are many different reasons why a young person may take drugs, including:
- To fit in. Young people may do drugs because they want to be accepted by friends or peers who are doing drugs.
- To feel good. Abused drugs can produce feelings of pleasure.
- To feel better. Some young people suffer from depression, anxiety, stress-related disorders, and physical pain. They may do drugs to try to get some relief.
- To do better in academics or sports. Some young people may take stimulants for studying or anabolic steroids to improve their athletic performance.
- To experiment. Young people often want to try new experiences, especially ones that they think are thrilling or daring.
Which young people are at risk for drug use?
Different factors may raise a young person’s risk for drug use, including:
- Stressful early life experiences, such child abuse, child sexual abuse, and other forms of trauma
- Genetics
- Prenatal exposure to alcohol or other drugs
- Lack of parental supervision or monitoring
- Having peers and/or friends who use drugs
What are the signs that a young person has a drug problem?
- Changing friends a lot
- Spending a lot of time alone
- Losing interest in favorite things
- Not taking care of themselves – for example, not taking showers, changing clothes, or brushing their teeth
- Being really tired and sad
- Eating more or eating less than usual
- Being very energetic, talking fast, or saying things that don’t make sense
- Being in a bad mood
- Quickly changing between feeling bad and feeling good
- Missing important appointments
- Having problems at school – missing class, getting bad grades
- Having problems in personal or family relationships
- Lying and stealing
- Memory lapses, poor concentration, lack of coordination, slurred speech, etc.
Can drug use in young people be prevented?
Drug use and addiction are preventable. Prevention programs involving families, schools, communities, and the media may prevent or reduce drug use and addiction. These programs include education and outreach to help people understand the risks of drug use.
You can help prevent your children from using drugs through:
- Good communication with your children
- Encouragement, so your children can build confidence and a strong sense of self. It also helps parents promote cooperation and reduce conflict.
- Teaching your children problem-solving skills
- Setting limits, to teach your children self-control and responsibility, provide safe boundaries, and show them that you care
- Supervision, which helps parents recognize developing problems, promote safety, and stay involved
- Knowing your children’s friends
NIH: National Institute on Drug Abuse
National Institute on Drug Abuse
Clinical Trials
- ClinicalTrials.gov: Drugs and Young People National Institutes of Health
Start Here
- College-Age and Young Adults National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Dealing with Addiction (For Teens) Nemours Foundation
- Dealing with Drug Problems: Preventing and Treating Drug Abuse National Institutes of Health
- Drugs: What You Should Know (For Teens) Nemours Foundation
Prevention and Risk Factors
- Drug Abuse Prevention Starts with Parents American Academy of Pediatrics
Find an Expert
- Drug Enforcement Administration Drug Enforcement Administration
- FindTreatment.gov Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
- National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Partnership to End Addiction Partnership to End Addiction
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
Encyclopedia
- Drug signs and teenagers Medical Encyclopedia
Diagnosis and Tests
- Drug Testing National Library of Medicine
Related Issues
- How to Identify Drug Paraphernalia Drug Enforcement Administration
Statistics and Research
- Monitoring the Future Survey National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Monitoring the Future: 2021 Survey Results National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Trends in the Prevalence of Marijuana, Cocaine, and Other Illegal Drug Use — National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS): 1991-2019 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Journal Articles
Treatments and Therapies
- Substance Abuse Treatment for Children and Adolescents: Questions to Ask American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
- What Is Substance Abuse Treatment? A Booklet for Families Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
Patient Handouts
- Toxicology screen Medical Encyclopedia
Children
- What You Need to Know about Drugs (For Kids) Nemours Foundation