Tetanus

Summary

Tetanus is a serious illness caused by Clostridium bacteria. The bacteria live in soil, saliva, dust, and manure. The bacteria can enter the body through a deep cut, like those you might get from stepping on a nail, or through a burn.

The infection causes painful tightening of the muscles, usually all over the body. It can lead to “locking” of the jaw. This makes it impossible to open your mouth or swallow. Tetanus is a medical emergency. You need to get treatment in a hospital.

A vaccine can prevent tetanus. It is given as a part of routine childhood vaccination. Adults should get a tetanus shot, or booster, every 10 years. If you get a bad cut or burn, see your doctor – you may need a booster. Immediate and proper wound care can prevent tetanus infection.

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Find an Expert

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Clinical Trials

• ClinicalTrials.gov: Tetanus National Institutes of Health

Journal Articles

• Tetanus

Start Here

• Tetanus Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• Tetanus (For Parents) Nemours Foundation
• Tetanus: Questions and Answers Immunization Action Coalition

Patient Handouts

• Tetanus Medical Encyclopedia

Teenagers

• Tetanus Nemours Foundation

Images

• Tetanus (Lockjaw) Photos Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Statistics and Research

• Tetanus Surveillance Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Prevention and Risk Factors

• Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis Vaccines: MedlinePlus Health Topic National Library of Medicine

Diagnosis and Tests

• Tetanus: Diagnosis and Treatment Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Symptoms

• Tetanus: Symptoms and Complications Centers for Disease Control and Prevention